Stiffness in Dogs: What Could Be Causing Your Dog to Act Stiff

When your dog begins to move more slowly or seems hesitant to get up and down, it’s natural to wonder what’s behind the change. Stiffness in dogs can appear gradually or suddenly, and it often leads pet owners to feel concerned, especially if their pet was previously active and agile. You may notice your dog hesitating to jump on the couch, struggling to rise after resting, or showing less enthusiasm for walks. While occasional stiffness might seem harmless, persistent or recurring stiffness in dogs can indicate an underlying issue that needs veterinary attention. Understanding what may cause this change in movement can help you act early and support your dog’s comfort. Please call Back Bay Veterinary Clinic at (617) 247-2273 or make an appointment if your dog is showing signs of stiffness. Our team in Boston is here to help.

 

 

Common Causes for Stiffness in Dogs

Stiffness in dogs can develop due to a variety of conditions, from orthopedic issues to inflammation or neurological problems. Dogs of any age can experience stiffness, but older dogs tend to be more vulnerable due to natural aging processes. That said, younger dogs can also develop stiffness as a result of injury, congenital issues, or even overexertion during exercise. No matter your dog’s age or activity level, persistent stiffness is worth evaluating.

Arthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease

Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage in a joint wears down over time, leading to inflammation, reduced mobility, and joint pain. Dogs with arthritis often show gradual changes in how they move. You may notice them taking longer to rise in the morning, lagging behind on walks, or avoiding stairs. Larger breeds, such as Labrador Retrievers and German Shepherds, are particularly prone to arthritis, though any dog can develop it. Veterinarians can diagnose arthritis through physical exams and imaging tools like X-rays. While the condition can’t be reversed, early diagnosis can improve comfort and quality of life with proper management.

Hip Dysplasia and Elbow Dysplasia

Hip dysplasia is a genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t form properly, resulting in a loose or unstable joint. Over time, this can cause inflammation and stiffness in dogs, particularly after rest or intense activity. Elbow dysplasia involves abnormal development of the elbow joint and is another inherited condition.

Both disorders can lead to long-term joint damage if left untreated. Symptoms often start when dogs are young, but signs such as stiffness, limping, or reluctance to play may become more pronounced with age. Routine veterinary checkups are important for detecting these conditions early, especially in breeds known to be at higher risk.

Injuries and Muscle Strain

Not all cases of stiffness in dogs are caused by chronic conditions. Injuries, even minor ones, can cause temporary or recurring stiffness, particularly after vigorous activity or awkward movement. Jumping, sprinting, or rough play can result in soft tissue injuries like sprains or muscle strains. These injuries often cause a dog to favor one leg, appear stiff when moving, or avoid specific motions. In some cases, your dog may still seem eager to play but shows signs of discomfort after resting. Dogs that are highly active or participate in agility training may be more susceptible to soft tissue injuries. If stiffness in your dog lasts more than a day or two, or if you notice swelling, limping, or changes in appetite, it’s time to schedule a veterinary exam.

Neurological Conditions That Affect Movement

Neurological disorders can also result in stiffness in dogs. These issues may affect the spinal cord, nerves, or brain, which can lead to abnormal gait, difficulty standing, or loss of coordination. In some cases, stiffness is a result of nerve compression caused by conditions like intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). This condition occurs when discs between the vertebrae bulge or rupture, placing pressure on the spinal cord. Dogs with IVDD may appear stiff, walk with a hunched back, or even drag their hind legs.

Other neurological disorders, such as degenerative myelopathy, typically progress slowly but may start with subtle signs like stiffness or weakness in the hind limbs. If your dog is showing symptoms of stiffness along with signs of neurological involvement, such as uncoordinated movement or dragging feet, a veterinary neurologist may be involved in the diagnostic process.

Inflammatory Conditions and Autoimmune Disorders

Some autoimmune conditions can cause inflammation in the joints or muscles, leading to stiffness in dogs. These diseases often involve the immune system mistakenly attacking the body’s own tissues, resulting in pain, swelling, and limited mobility. Conditions like immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) cause joint inflammation in multiple areas of the body. Dogs with this disorder may seem stiff in more than one limb and show signs of general fatigue or lethargy. Muscle inflammation, known as myositis, can also result in stiffness and is typically accompanied by muscle weakness. These conditions may come and go in flare-ups and often require more advanced diagnostic testing. Your veterinarian may recommend blood work, joint fluid analysis, or referral to a specialist to reach a diagnosis.

Is It Time to Contact Your Veterinarian?

Any persistent stiffness in dogs deserves attention, especially if it begins suddenly or worsens over time. Because many different conditions can contribute to stiffness, an accurate diagnosis is the first step toward helping your dog feel more comfortable. Call (617) 247-2273 to schedule an appointment at Back Bay Veterinary Clinic. If your dog is showing any of the following signs, it’s time for a veterinary visit:

• Reluctance to rise, jump, or climb stairs
• Limping or favoring one limb
• Stiffness after rest or sleep
• Unusual posture or gait
• Signs of pain (whining, restlessness, or aggression)

A full physical exam, along with imaging and lab work if needed, can help identify the cause of your dog’s stiffness. The sooner the issue is addressed, the better your dog’s comfort and long-term mobility can be supported.

Helping Your Dog Stay Comfortable and Active

While the cause of stiffness in dogs varies, your veterinarian will work closely with you to develop a care plan based on your dog’s needs. Ongoing veterinary visits help monitor changes in mobility and identify emerging issues before they become more advanced. Whether your dog is recovering from an injury or living with a chronic condition like arthritis, consistent care makes a meaningful difference. Weight management, activity adjustments, and any recommended medical therapies can all contribute to a more comfortable, active life.

If you’re concerned about stiffness in your dog, the team at Back Bay Veterinary Clinic is here to support you. Call (617) 247-2273 or request an appointment online. We’re proud to serve the Boston community with personalized, compassionate care for pets of all ages.